Adverb clause
Definition
An adverb clause is a dependent clause that adds information such as time, reason, condition, contrast, purpose, result or manner to a main clause. It contains its own subject and verb but cannot normally stand alone.
Examples
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We left after the meeting ended.
The clause adds time information.
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I stayed home because I felt ill.
The clause gives the reason for staying home.
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Although the task was difficult, everyone finished it.
The clause introduces a contrast with the main result.
Adverb clause vs. prepositional phrase
The flight was delayed because the weather was bad.
The structure contains a subject and a verb.
The flight was delayed because of the bad weather.
The structure contains a noun phrase but no clause verb.
Because introduces a clause. Because of is a preposition followed by a noun phrase or -ing form.
The clause can come first or second
Many adverb clauses can appear before or after the main clause. A comma normally separates an opening adverb clause from the main clause.
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When the lights went out, everyone became quiet.
The opening clause is followed by a comma.
-
Everyone became quiet when the lights went out.
The final clause normally does not need a comma.
Common mistakes
Although it was raining, but we went out.
Although it was raining, we went out.
Although already marks the contrast, so do not add but before the main clause.
Because of the train was late, we missed the connection.
Because the train was late, we missed the connection.
Use because before a clause with a subject and verb. Use because of before a noun phrase.
Quick check
Question 1 of 3
Which underlined idea is an adverb clause?
Until the shop opened contains the subject the shop and the verb opened.Which sentence is correct?
Although introduces the contrast clause without an additional but.Which sentence correctly uses because of?
Because of is followed by the noun phrase the storm.Nice work — you've completed the quick check.
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