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Each other

Expressing a reciprocal relationship · CEFR A2–B1

Definition

Each other is a reciprocal pronoun. It shows that two or more people or things perform the same action toward one another, or share the same relationship.

Examples

  • Mina and Leo help each other.

    Mina helps Leo, and Leo helps Mina.

  • The two teams respect each other.

    The respect operates in both directions.

  • We sent each other messages.

    Each person sent messages to the other person or people.

Each other vs. reflexive pronouns

Reciprocal meaning

Maya and Leo photographed each other.

Maya photographed Leo, and Leo photographed Maya.

Reflexive meaning

Maya and Leo photographed themselves.

Maya photographed Maya, and Leo photographed Leo.

Each other expresses action between different participants. A reflexive pronoun sends the action back to the same participant.

One another has the same core meaning

One another is a common alternative to each other. Traditional rules sometimes associate each other with two participants and one another with more than two, but modern usage does not consistently maintain that distinction.

  • The neighbours know one another well.

    The phrase expresses the same reciprocal relationship.

  • The three sisters often borrow each other's clothes.

    The possessive form is each other's, with an apostrophe before s.

Common mistakes

Maya and Leo help themselves with homework.

Maya and Leo help each other with homework.

Use each other when Maya helps Leo and Leo helps Maya.

The friends borrowed each others books.

The friends borrowed each other's books.

The possessive form is each other's.

Quick check

Question 1 of 3

Which sentence expresses a reciprocal action?

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