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Reading Worksheet

From Garage to Global

B2 Present Perfect vs Past Simple Business and Technology 30 minutes
Before You Read

Discuss these questions with a partner before you read.

  • Can you think of a company that started small and became very successful? What do you know about it?
  • What qualities do you think a person needs to start their own business?
  • How has technology changed the way people learn or work in recent years?
  • Would you like to start your own company one day? What kind of business would it be?
Key Vocabulary
Word Definition Example
found (v.) to start an organisation or company Elena and James founded the company in 2014.
expand (v.) to grow larger or move into new areas The company has expanded into 20 countries since 2018.
revenue (n.) the total income earned by a business Revenue has grown by 60% over the past three years.
headquarters (n.) the main office or centre of operations of a company The company moved to its current headquarters in 2021.
milestone (n.) an important event in the development of something Winning the 2018 award was a significant milestone for the company.
disrupt (v.) to fundamentally change an industry by introducing something new Lumino has disrupted the traditional education software market.
Reading Text

From Garage to Global

When Elena Park and James Osei founded Lumino Technologies in a rented garage in Edinburgh in 2014, their ambition was simple: to make classroom technology that teachers actually wanted to use. Twelve years later, that ambition has become a global business. Lumino has grown from two people working around a kitchen table to a company of over 400 employees operating in 20 countries. It is, by any measure, a remarkable story.

The early years were difficult. In 2016, they released their first product — a real-time classroom quiz tool that allowed teachers to see student responses instantly. It was well received, but sales were slow. The company's first major client, a school network in Scotland, signed in 2017. That contract gave Lumino the credibility it needed to grow.

The turning point came in 2018 when Lumino won its first industry award at a tech summit in London. Since then, the company has not looked back. It has raised $45 million in three rounds of funding, expanded into 20 countries since launching internationally, and has won five awards in total. The product has been updated twelve times since its original launch, with each new version responding directly to feedback from teachers and students.

In 2020, during the global pandemic, the number of active users tripled in a single year as schools around the world sought digital solutions. The company moved to its current headquarters — a purpose-built office in Edinburgh's innovation district — in 2021. Revenue has grown by 60% over the past three years, and Lumino has already become profitable, something many technology start-ups struggle to achieve.

The company has helped over two million students access better learning tools, and the CEO has spoken at education conferences on three continents. 'We have always believed that good technology should serve the teacher, not replace them,' Elena Park told us last month.

Lumino has disrupted a market once dominated by large, expensive legacy systems. It has not yet expanded into Asia, but Park confirmed that plans are already in place. The next chapter, it seems, is just beginning.

Notice the Grammar

Look back at the article. Find four sentences that use the PRESENT PERFECT (have/has + past participle) and four that use the PAST SIMPLE. Write them below. Then discuss with a partner: which sentences have a specific date or year? Which ones do not? What pattern do you notice?

1 Reading for Gist

Answer these questions in a few words.

  1. Who founded Lumino Technologies?
  2. What does the company make?
  3. How many countries does Lumino operate in now?
2 Reading for Detail

Answer these questions. Write short answers.

  1. When was Lumino's first product released?
  2. What happened to Lumino's number of active users in 2020?
  3. How many times has the product been updated since its original launch?
  4. How much funding has the company raised in total?  a) $4.5 million. b) $45 million. c) $450 million. 
  5. According to the article, which region has Lumino not yet expanded into?
3 True, False, or Not Given

Write T (True), F (False), or NG (Not Given). Use only information from the article.

  1. Lumino was founded in a rented garage in Edinburgh.
  2. Lumino's first product was an online homework platform.
  3. Elena Park and James Osei were university classmates before founding Lumino.
  4. Lumino has already become a profitable company.
  5. The company has won exactly three industry awards.
4 Vocabulary in Context

Answer these questions about words and phrases in the article.

  1. In paragraph 3, what does 'milestone' mean?  a) A type of digital product. b) An important event in the development of something. c) A financial target. 
  2. In paragraph 6, the article says Lumino has 'disrupted' the market. What does this suggest about the company's impact?
  3. Find a word in paragraph 1 that means 'to start an organisation or company'. Write it here. 
  4. What does 'revenue' mean? Write your own definition using the context of the article.
5 Grammar in Context

Complete these activities. Go back to the article.

  1. Find two sentences with the present perfect and two with the past simple. Write them and note whether each one has a specific time marker (e.g. a year or date).
    a) PP (no specific time):  b) PP (no specific time):  c) PS (specific time):  d) PS (specific time): 
  2. The article uses both 'The company has expanded into 20 countries' AND 'The company moved to new headquarters in 2021.' Explain why a different tense is used in each.
  3. Choose the correct form: 'The company ___ its first product in 2016.'  a) has released b) released c) was releasing 
  4. Present perfect or past simple? Complete these sentences: (a) The company ___ (grow) from 2 to 400 employees since 2014. (b) Elena and James ___ (found) the company in 2014. (c) The company ___ (win) five awards during its history.
  5. Write 3-4 sentences about a company, project, or team you know. Use present perfect for the overall story and past simple for specific events. Include at least one date.
Personal Response — Discuss with a partner

Discuss these questions with a partner. Then share one idea with the class.

  1. Elena Park says good technology should 'serve the teacher, not replace them'. Do you agree? What are the risks of using too much technology in education?
  2. Lumino tripled its users during the pandemic. Do you think the pandemic permanently changed the way people use technology for learning and working? How?
  3. Think of a company or organisation you know well. What has it achieved since it started? Use the present perfect in your answer.

Answer Key

From Garage to Global — B2 — Present Perfect vs Past Simple

Exercise 1 — Reading for Gist

  1. Elena Park and James Osei.
  2. Educational technology / software for schools (classroom tools).
  3. 20 countries.

Exercise 2 — Reading for Detail

  1. In 2016.
  2. The number tripled in a single year.
  3. Twelve times.
  4. b)
  5. Asia.

Exercise 3 — True, False, or Not Given

  1. T — Para. 1: 'Elena Park and James Osei founded Lumino Technologies in a rented garage in Edinburgh in 2014.'
  2. F — Para. 2: The first product was a real-time classroom quiz tool, not a homework platform.
  3. NG — The article does not mention how Park and Osei met or their background before the company.
  4. T — Para. 4: 'Lumino has already become profitable, something many technology start-ups struggle to achieve.'
  5. F — Para. 3: The company has won five awards in total.

Exercise 4 — Vocabulary in Context

  1. b)
  2. It has fundamentally changed the market by introducing something new — traditional companies could not compete in the same way after Lumino arrived.
  3. founded
  4. The total money a company earns from its business activities — its income before costs are deducted.

Exercise 5 — Grammar in Context

  1. PP examples (no specific time): 'The company has grown from two people to over 400 employees.' / 'It has raised $45 million.' / 'The product has been updated twelve times.' PS examples (with time): 'In 2016, they released their first product.' / 'In 2020, the number of active users tripled.' / 'The company moved to its current headquarters in 2021.'
  2. Present perfect: the expansion is ongoing — it started in 2018 and the company is still growing in new countries, with no single completed date. Past simple: the move happened at a specific completed point (2021) and is a single, finished event.
  3. b)
  4. (a) has grown — present perfect (since 2014, ongoing growth up to now) (b) founded — past simple (specific year 2014, single completed event) (c) has won — present perfect (career/company total, no single specific date)
  5. Answers will vary. Answers will vary. Check: present perfect for general company story / ongoing results (no specific date); past simple wi

Notice the Grammar — suggested answers

Accept any five correct examples from the article that use the target grammar. Students should be able to explain why the grammar is used in each case.

Personal Response

Answers will vary. This section is for spoken discussion or short written response. There are no single correct answers.