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Reading Worksheet

Above the Clouds

B1 Present Perfect: Achievements and Experiences Sport and Adventure 25 minutes
Before You Read

Discuss these questions with a partner before you read.

  • Have you ever climbed a mountain or a very high hill? How did it feel?
  • What do you think motivates people to climb dangerous mountains?
  • Would you ever try an extreme sport or a challenging physical adventure? Why or why not?
  • What qualities do you think you need to be a mountaineer?
Key Vocabulary
Word Definition Example
summit (n.) the highest point of a mountain Carlos has reached the summit of several famous peaks.
altitude (n.) the height of a place above sea level He has experienced altitude sickness above 5,000 metres.
sickness (n.) the feeling of being ill Altitude sickness affects many climbers at high elevations.
expedition (n.) an organised journey to a difficult or distant place Each expedition requires months of preparation.
rewarding (adj.) giving you a feeling of satisfaction He says teaching young climbers has been the most rewarding experience.
determination (n.) the quality of continuing despite difficulties His determination has taken him to four continents.
Reading Text

Above the Clouds

Carlos Mendez is 42 years old and teaches Spanish at a secondary school in Seville. But when he is not in the classroom, he is somewhere far above it. He has been climbing mountains for seventeen years — since his first expedition to the Atlas Mountains in Morocco at the age of 25 — and he has no plans to stop.

Since that first climb, Carlos has reached the summits of some of the world's most famous peaks. He has stood on the top of Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, Africa's highest mountain. He has climbed Aconcagua in Argentina, the highest peak in South America. He has also reached the summit of Elbrus in Russia, the highest mountain in Europe, and has completed two ascents of Mont Blanc in the French Alps. Each expedition has required months of physical preparation and careful planning.

The physical challenges have been considerable. He has trained in extreme cold and altitude, and has experienced altitude sickness above 5,000 metres on more than one occasion. He has slept in a tent at -20 degrees Celsius, woken to find his water frozen, and climbed through whiteout conditions where he could barely see the person in front of him. 'The mountain does not care how prepared you are,' he says. 'You have to stay humble.'

Carlos has not yet attempted Everest, which remains his great ambition. 'I have thought about it every year since 2018,' he says. 'But I believe you should only go when you are truly ready. I am not there yet.'

In recent years, Carlos has led groups of teenagers on beginner climbs in the Sierra Nevada. He has taken over sixty young people to their first summit, and he says this has been the most rewarding experience of his entire climbing career. 'When a young person reaches the top for the first time and looks at the view — I have never seen anything like the expression on their face.'

Since his first climb in 2009, he has never lost his love for the mountains. 'The higher I go,' he says, 'the more clearly I see.'

Notice the Grammar

Look back at the article. Find five sentences that use the present perfect (have / has + past participle). Write them below. Then discuss with a partner: find one sentence that uses 'for' and one that uses 'since'. What is the difference between them?

1 Reading for Gist

Answer these questions in a few words.

  1. What is Carlos Mendez's job?
  2. How long has Carlos been climbing mountains?
  3. What does Carlos say has been the most rewarding experience of his climbing career?
2 Reading for Detail

Answer these questions. Write short answers.

  1. Where did Carlos go on his first climbing expedition?
  2. Name three peaks that Carlos has reached the summit of.
  3. What has Carlos experienced above 5,000 metres on more than one occasion?
  4. Why has Carlos not yet attempted Everest?  a) He is afraid of the cost and the danger. b) He does not feel ready yet. c) He has not had enough time to prepare. 
  5. How many young people has Carlos taken to their first summit?
3 True, False, or Not Given

Write T (True), F (False), or NG (Not Given). Use only information from the article.

  1. Carlos has been climbing since he was 25 years old.
  2. Carlos has climbed Mont Blanc more than once.
  3. Carlos has received professional training from a mountain guide.
  4. Carlos has already attempted to climb Everest.
  5. Carlos finds teaching young climbers more satisfying than his own personal achievements.
4 Vocabulary in Context

Answer these questions about words and phrases in the article.

  1. In paragraph 3, what does 'whiteout' most likely describe?  a) A very bright, snowy condition where it is hard to see anything b) A special climbing technique used in bad weather c) A form of altitude sickness that affects your vision 
  2. In paragraph 3, Carlos says 'The mountain does not care how prepared you are.' What does this mean in context?
  3. Find a word in paragraph 2 that means 'the act of climbing something'. Write it here. 
  4. In paragraph 3, Carlos says 'You have to stay humble.' What does 'humble' mean here? Write your own definition.
5 Grammar in Context

Complete these activities. Go back to the article.

  1. Find five sentences in the article that use the present perfect to describe Carlos's achievements or experiences. Write them.
    a)  b)  c)  d)  e) 
  2. Find one sentence with 'for' and one with 'since'. Write them here.
    a) for:  b) since: 
  3. Find one example of the present perfect with 'yet' or 'not yet'. What does it tell us?
  4. Write these in the present perfect: (a) climb / Kilimanjaro → Carlos ___ (b) train / in extreme conditions → He ___ (c) lead / many young climbers → He ___
  5. Write two sentences about your own achievements or experiences using the present perfect. Use 'for', 'since', 'already', or 'yet'.
Personal Response — Discuss with a partner

Discuss these questions with a partner. Then share one idea with the class.

  1. Carlos says, 'The higher I go, the more clearly I see.' What do you think he means? Is he talking only about mountains?
  2. Have you ever worked very hard to achieve something? How did it feel when you succeeded? How did you feel if you did not?
  3. Carlos has not yet attempted Everest because he does not feel ready. Do you think it is important to wait until you are ready, or is it sometimes better to try before you feel prepared?

Answer Key

Above the Clouds — B1 — Present Perfect: Achievements and Experiences

Exercise 1 — Reading for Gist

  1. He is a Spanish teacher at a secondary school in Seville.
  2. For seventeen years.
  3. Leading groups of young people on their first climbs / taking teenagers to their first summit.

Exercise 2 — Reading for Detail

  1. The Atlas Mountains in Morocco.
  2. Any three of: Kilimanjaro (Tanzania) / Aconcagua (Argentina) / Elbrus (Russia) / Mont Blanc (French Alps).
  3. Altitude sickness.
  4. b)
  5. Over sixty.

Exercise 3 — True, False, or Not Given

  1. T — Para. 1: 'since his first expedition to the Atlas Mountains in Morocco at the age of 25.'
  2. T — Para. 2: 'has completed two ascents of Mont Blanc in the French Alps.'
  3. NG — The article does not mention professional training from a guide — only that he has trained in extreme conditions.
  4. F — Para. 4: 'Carlos has not yet attempted Everest.'
  5. T — Para. 5: 'he says this has been the most rewarding experience of his entire climbing career' — referring to teaching young climbers.

Exercise 4 — Vocabulary in Context

  1. a)
  2. No matter how much you prepare, the mountain can still be dangerous and unpredictable / nature does not respond to human effort or planning.
  3. ascents
  4. Not thinking you are better or more powerful than you are / accepting that there are limits to your control / respectful and not overconfident.

Exercise 5 — Grammar in Context

  1. Any five present perfect sentences from the article. For example: 'He has been climbing mountains for seventeen years.' / 'Carlos has reached the summits of some of the world's most famous peaks.' / 'He has stood on the top of Kilimanjaro.' / 'He has climbed Aconcagua.' / 'He has trained in extreme cold and altitude.' / 'He has experienced altitude sickness.' / 'He has slept in a tent at -20 degrees Celsius.' / 'Carlos has not yet attempted Everest.' / 'Carlos has led groups of teenagers on beginner climbs.' / 'he has never lost his love for the mountains.'
  2. for: 'He has been climbing mountains for seventeen years.' / since: 'Since his first expedition to the Atlas Mountains...he has no plans to stop.' OR 'Since his first climb in 2009, he has never lost his love for the mountains.' Accept any correct for/since examples from the article.
  3. 'Carlos has not yet attempted Everest.' — It tells us this is something he has not done so far, but he may still do it in the future. 'Not yet' means the action is possible or planned but has not happened up to now.
  4. (a) Carlos has climbed Kilimanjaro. (b) He has trained in extreme conditions. (c) He has led many young climbers.
  5. Answers will vary. Answers will vary. Check: have/has + past participle with an appropriate time expression (for + duration, since + point

Notice the Grammar — suggested answers

Accept any five correct examples from the article that use the target grammar. Students should be able to explain why the grammar is used in each case.

Personal Response

Answers will vary. This section is for spoken discussion or short written response. There are no single correct answers.