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Reading Worksheet

Hospital Rules

A2 Modals of Obligation: must, have to, need to (and mustn't, don't have to) Health and Hospitals 20 minutes
Before You Read

Discuss these questions with a partner before you read.

  • Have you ever been to hospital? What was it like?
  • What rules do you think hospitals have?
  • Why is it important to follow rules in a hospital?
  • What do you think visitors should and shouldn't do in a hospital?
Key Vocabulary
Word Definition Example
appointment (n.) a planned time to see a doctor or other professional You have to bring your appointment letter.
ward (n.) a room in a hospital where patients stay Visitors must wash their hands before entering the ward.
clinical (adj.) relating to the medical treatment of patients You must turn your phone to silent in clinical areas.
bracelet (n.) a band worn around the wrist Patients have to wear a hospital bracelet.
discharge (n.) the official process of leaving hospital after treatment You need to collect your discharge papers before you leave.
jewellery (n.) decorative items worn on the body, such as rings and necklaces Patients have to remove all jewellery before surgery.
Reading Text

Hospital Rules

Going to hospital can be confusing. Here is a simple guide to the rules for patients and visitors.

When you arrive, you have to bring your appointment letter and a form of ID. You don't have to arrive more than 15 minutes early. You need to check in at the reception desk before you go to the ward.

On the ward, visitors must wash their hands before entering. This is very important for patient safety. You mustn't eat the patient's food. You don't have to bring flowers, but many visitors do. All patients have to wear a hospital bracelet at all times.

For phones, you must turn your phone to silent in all clinical areas. You don't need to turn it off completely — just silent is fine.

Before surgery, patients must not eat or drink for six hours. They have to remove all jewellery. They don't have to bring anything to the operating room — everything is provided.

When leaving, you don't have to pay for NHS treatment — it is free. But you need to collect your discharge papers from the nurse before you go. These papers are important for your recovery at home.

Following these rules helps everyone — patients, visitors, and medical staff. If you are not sure about something, just ask a nurse.

Notice the Grammar

Look at the article. Find examples of 'must', 'have to', 'need to', 'mustn't', and 'don't have to'. Which words mean something is required? Which mean something is NOT allowed? Which mean something is NOT necessary?

1 Reading for Gist

Answer in a few words.

  1. What type of text is this?
  2. Who is this guide for?
  3. What is the overall message of the guide?
2 Reading for Detail

Write short answers.

  1. What two things must you bring when you arrive?
  2. What must visitors do before entering the ward?
  3. What must patients do with their phone in clinical areas?
  4. What happens with payment for NHS treatment?  a) You have to pay before you leave. b) You don't have to pay — it is free. c) You need to pay within 30 days. 
  5. What must patients do with jewellery before surgery?
3 True, False, or Not Given

Write T, F, or NG.

  1. You have to check in at the reception desk.
  2. Visitors must bring flowers for the patient.
  3. Children under 12 are not allowed to visit patients.
  4. You must not eat or drink for six hours before surgery.
  5. You have to bring equipment to the operating room.
4 Vocabulary in Context

Answer questions about words from the article.

  1. What does 'discharge' mean in the article?  a) the food given to patients b) the official process of leaving hospital after treatment c) a type of hospital room 
  2. What is a 'ward'? Use your own words.
  3. Find a word in the article that means 'relating to medical treatment'. 
  4. What does 'bracelet' mean here? Write your own definition.
5 Grammar in Context

Complete these activities about must, have to, and need to.

  1. Find examples of: must/mustn't, have to/don't have to, need to/don't need to. Write one sentence for each.
    must/mustn't:  have to/don't have to:  need to/don't need to: 
  2. What is the difference between 'mustn't' and 'don't have to'? Give one example from the article for each.
  3. Choose the correct sentence:  a) You mustn't bring ID — it is not allowed. b) You don't have to bring flowers — it is not necessary. c) You don't have to wash your hands — it is forbidden. 
  4. Complete the sentences: (a) 'It is necessary to check in at reception.' → 'You _____ check in at reception.' (b) 'It is not allowed to eat the patient's food.' → 'You _____ eat the patient's food.' (c) 'It is not necessary to arrive early.' → 'You _____ arrive early.'
  5. Write three sentences about rules at your school or workplace. Use must, have to, or don't have to.
Personal Response — Discuss with a partner

Discuss with a partner. Share one idea with the class.

  1. What rules are most important in a hospital? Why?
  2. Are there any rules in this guide that surprised you?
  3. Think of a place with strict rules (a library, a gym, a workplace). What must people do there? What mustn't they do?

Answer Key

Hospital Rules — A2 — Modals of Obligation: must, have to, need to (and mustn't, don't have to)

Exercise 1 — Reading for Gist

  1. A guide / information text about hospital rules.
  2. Patients and visitors.
  3. Following hospital rules helps everyone — patients, visitors, and staff.

Exercise 2 — Reading for Detail

  1. An appointment letter and a form of ID.
  2. Wash their hands.
  3. Turn it to silent.
  4. b)
  5. They have to remove all jewellery.

Exercise 3 — True, False, or Not Given

  1. T — The article says 'You need to check in at the reception desk.'
  2. F — The article says 'You don't have to bring flowers.'
  3. NG — The article does not mention age restrictions for visitors.
  4. T — The article states 'patients must not eat or drink for six hours'.
  5. F — The article says 'They don't have to bring anything to the operating room.'

Exercise 4 — Vocabulary in Context

  1. b)
  2. A room in a hospital where patients stay.
  3. clinical
  4. A band that patients wear around their wrist in hospital — it has their name and medical information on it.

Exercise 5 — Grammar in Context

  1. Any one sentence for each modal from the article. e.g. must: 'Visitors must wash their hands.' / don't have to: 'You don't have to bring flowers.' / need to: 'You need to check in at reception.' / don't need to: 'You don't need to turn it off completely.'
  2. 'Mustn't' = it is not allowed / prohibited (e.g. 'You mustn't eat the patient's food'). 'Don't have to' = it is not necessary, but you can if you want (e.g. 'You don't have to bring flowers').
  3. b)
  4. (a) need to / have to. (b) mustn't / must not. (c) don't have to.
  5. Answers will vary. Answers will vary. Check: must/have to + base infinitive (obligation); don't have to + base infinitive (not necessary);

Notice the Grammar — suggested answers

Accept any five correct examples from the article that use the target grammar. Students should be able to explain why the grammar is used in each case.

Personal Response

Answers will vary. This section is for spoken discussion or short written response. There are no single correct answers.